Émilie du Châtelet

Émilie du Châtelet Portrait
Émilie du Châtelet was an Enlightenment philosopher, scientist, writer, researcher, and socialite with a voice for opera. She co-wrote Elements of the Philosophy of Newton with Voltaire and conducted the research for many of his other works. She created the first, and to this day only, French translation of Newton’s Principia, was the first woman to be published by the French Academy of Sciences, theorized about a connection between heat and light the century before William Herschel’s discovery of infrared radiation, and invented financial derivatives.
Émilie du Châtelet Portrait
  1. Intro
  2. Work
  3. Awards and Recognition
  4. Timeline
  5. Said About
  6. Said About Work
  7. Own Words
  8. Connected To
  9. Appears In
  10. Sources
  • “Madame Newton du Châtelet”[ka500]
  • Gabrielle Emilie le Tonnelier de Breteuil, marquise Du Châtelet[ka600]
  • “Uranie”[ka700]
December 17, 1706
in Paris, France
September 10, 1749
at 42 years of age
in Lunéville, France
  • “De la liberté”
  • 1737 “Dissertation sur la nature et la propagation du feu”
  • 1738 Éléments de la philosophie de Neuton (Elements of Newton’s Philosophy)
  • 1740 Examens de la Bible (Elements of Newton’s Philosophy)
  • 1740 Institutions de Physique (Fundamentals of Physics)
  • 1741 Réponse de Madame la Marquise du Chastelet, a la lettre que M. de Mairan
  • 1759 The French translation and comments of Newton’s Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica
  • 1793 Discours sur le bonheur (Discourse on Happiness)[sl1800]
  • French translation and comments of Mandeville’s Fable of the Bees
  • Examens de la Bible
  • 1746 Elected to membership of the Academy of Bologna[sl1700]
1706 Born in Paris, France
1733 Begins courtship with Voltaire,[sl600] Begins studying under Maupertuis[tl505]
1734 Birth and death of her 2nd son, Victor Esprit[tl550][tl555]
1735 Coins the phrase “le paradis terrestre” (the paradise on earth)[tl570]
1737 Publishes “Dissertation sur la nature et la propagation du feu”
1738 Publishes Éléments de la philosophie de Neuton (Elements of Newton’s Philosophy), Submits essay on fire to Académie des sciences competition[tl580]
1740 Publishes Institutions de Physique
1741 Publishes Réponse de Madame la Marquise du Chastelet, a la lettre que M. de Mairan
1748 Meets Jean-François[sl1900]
1749 Dies in Lunéville, France
Louis XV becomes the King of France 1723
1715 The Enlightenment
1740 War of the Austrian Succession 1748

“She is beautiful, and she knows how to be a friend…I swear to you, she has a genius worthy of Horace and Newton.”[sl700]Voltaire

“It is true that when women meddle with writing, they surpass men…But how many centuries does it take to produce a woman like her?”[sl1200]Madame de Graffigny in a letter to Devaux

“Without wishing to flatter you, I can assure you that I should never have believed your sex, usually so delightfully gifted with all the graces, [would be] capable also of such deep knowledge, mimute research, and solid discover. Ladies owe you…!”[sl1400]Frederick the Great in a letter to Émilie

“Without wishing to flatter you, I can assure you that I should never have believed your sex, usually so delightfully gifted with all the graces, [would be] capable also of such deep knowledge, mimute research, and solid discover. Ladies owe you…!”[sa800]Frederick the Great in a letter to Émilie

“There is a lady in Paris, named Emilie, who, in imagination and in reason, surpasses the men who like to think they know a lot about the one and the other.”[sa900]Voltaire in a letter to Formont

“She understands Locke better than I.”[sa1000]Voltaire in a letter to Formont

“…madame Du Châtelet is a prodigy.”[sa1100]Voltaire in a the Abbé de Sade

“She renders good offices to her friends with the same vivacity that she learned the languages of mathematics; and when she has rendered all the services imaginable, she believes she has done nothing.”[sa1200]Voltaire in letters to Cideville and La Condamine

“the most beautiful soul in the world.”[sa1300]Voltaire in a letter to Maupertuis

“retired from the bubbles and the stunning noise of Paris to cultivate in the country the great and amiable genius she is born with.”[sa1400]Voltaire in a letter to Sir Everard Fawkener

“lady whom I look upon as a man.”[sa1500]Voltaire in a letter to Sir Everard Fawkener

“the manner [in which] she served me would attach me to her for ever, if the singular lights of her mind, and this superiority that she has over all women had not already enchained me.”[sa1600]Voltaire in a letter to Thieriot

“I can only say I was astonished when I read it. One would never imagine that such a treatise could be produced by a woman. Moreover, the style is masculine and in every way suitable to the subject.”[saw500]from Frederick the Great’s letter to Voltaire

“There appeared at the beginning of this year a work that would give honour to our century if it were by one of the principal members of the Academies of Europe. This work, however, is by a woman, and what makes it even more marvellous, she is a woman who, having been raised with the undisciplined distractions associated with her high birth, has had for a teacher only her genius and her application to self-instruction.”[sl1500]from Maupertuis in his review of Émilie’s translation of Newton’s Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica for the Mercure de France

“Madame du Châtelet is clarifying Leibniz, which is very difficult, while I am muddling up Newton, which is very easy.”[sl1600]from Voltaire’s letter to Condamine

“The greatest vengeance one can take against the people who hate us is to be happy.”[ow400]

“I feel all the weight of the prejudice that universally excludes [women] from the sciences. It is one of the contradictions of this world that has always astonished me, that there are great countries whose destiny the law permits us to rule, and yet there is no place where we are taught to think.”[sl800]

“Despite the pompoms, I think seriously about the welfare of my friends. I deliver myself up to the world without liking it very much.”[sl900]

“If I were king…I would reform an abuse which cuts back, as it were, half of humanity. I would have women participate in all human rights, and above all those of the mind.”[sl1000]

“Since I began to get to know myself, to pay attention to the price of time, to the brevity of life, to the uselessness of things of the world, I am astonished at having taken such extreme care of my teeth, my hair, but of having neglected my mind…”[sl1100]

“Life is so short, so full of duties and useless details that, having a family and a house, I can hardly ever depart from my little plan of study to read new books. I am in despair at my ignorance. If I were a man, I would be at Mont Valérien with you, and I would dump all the useless things of life. I love study with more fervour than I loved society, but I have realised it too late.”[sl1300]in a letter to Pierre Louis Maupertuis

“Do not reproach me for my Newton, I am punished enough—I have never made such a sacrifice for reason as to stay here and finish [this book]. It is an awful job, for which one needs a head and a constitution of iron.”[sl2000]in a letter to Jean-François

“One of the great secrets of happiness is to moderate one’s desires & to love the things that one possesses.”[ow1100]from Discours sur le bonheur (Discourse on Happiness)

“One is only [made] happy by desires [that have been] satisfied; one must then permit oneself to desire only the things that one can obtain without too much care & work, & this is a point on which we can do much for our own happiness.”[ow1100]from Discours sur le bonheur (Discourse on Happiness)

“How few men reflect, and even among those who pay attention to themselves, scarcely any have [found] the thread for the labyrinth of our passions.”[ow1200]from her translation and comentary on Mandeville’s Fable of the Bees

“You sow the flowers on the path where others find only brambles, your imagination knows how to embellish the driest materials without diminishing their accuracy or their precision.”[ow1300]in a letter to Maupertuis

“I give myself up to the world without liking it very much. Imperceptible chains make entire days pass often without one being aware that one has lived.”[ow1400]in a letter to Sade

“My situation is thorny enough, but love changes all the thorns to flowers, as it will the mountains of Cirey, the earthly paradise.”[ow1500]in a letter to the duc de Richelieu

“I love Voltaire enough to sacrifice all that I could find pleasurable and agreeable in Paris for the happiness of living with him without dangers, and the pleasure of tearing him away in spite of himself from his imprudences and his destiny.”[ow1600]in a letter to the duc de Richelieu

“I feel that I am not eloquent; but the longing to communicate my ideas to you, as confused as they are, silences my pride.”[ow1700]in a letter to the duc de Richelieu

“I do not believe, that I was born to be unhappy.”[ow1800]in a letter to the duc de Richelieu

“The first of all is to be very decided on what one wants to be and on what one wants to do…. It is the condition without which there is no happiness at all.”[ow1900]Discours sur le bonheur (Discourse on Happiness)

“If someone had told me two years ago that I would be leading the life I lead now by choice, I would have been astonished; my heart had no idea of happiness.”[ow2000]

“the greatest vengeance one can take against the people who hate us is to be happy.”[ow2100]

“Liberty, I call, the power to think of a thing, or not to think of it, to move or not to move, in conformance with the choice of one’s own mind.”[ow2200]

Louis François Armand Du Plessis, duc de Richelieu

???

Francesco Algarotti

???

“Clearly, they had been inspired in this venture by Algarotti’s work at Cirey. But he had taken a light-hearted approach to the more accessible aspects of Newton’s work—namely, the experiments on light and color.” p.46

Alexis Clairaut

Mathematician, astronomer, geophysicist

“Clairaut remained committed to Du Châtelet and her projects throughout her life. He wrote to a friend when he first began giving lessons to her and to Voltaire that she was ‘altogether remarkable,'”[cw500]

Johann Bernoulli

Son of the famous mathematician, Johann Bernoulli

Her correspondents included members of the Republic of Letters: Maupertuis, Algarotti, Maupertuis’s mentor Johann Bernoulli, the English mathematician James Jurin, the Roman physicist père Jacquier.[cw800]

Johann Bernoulli II

Son of the famous mathematician, Johann Bernoulli

“Two of France’s most prominent géomètres stayed with them: Maupertuis came for four days in January 1739, and in March returned with Johann Bernoulli II, son of the great mathematician.”[cw600]

Père François Jacquier

Coeditor of the Geneva edition of the Principia

“Père François Jacquier, a coeditor of the Geneva edition of the Principia (1739–42), described by his fellow visitor Charles Jean François Hénault as the “great mathematician and professor of philosophy,” was among their celebrated visitors in the 1740s.”[cw700]

Her correspondents included members of the Republic of Letters: Maupertuis, Algarotti, Maupertuis’s mentor Johann Bernoulli, the English mathematician James Jurin, the Roman physicist père Jacquier.[cw800]

Charles Jean François Hénault

“Père François Jacquier, a coeditor of the Geneva edition of the Principia (1739–42), described by his fellow visitor Charles Jean François Hénault as the “great mathematician and professor of philosophy,” was among their celebrated visitors in the 1740s.”[cw700]

Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis

Her correspondents included members of the Republic of Letters: Maupertuis, Algarotti, Maupertuis’s mentor Johann Bernoulli, the English mathematician James Jurin, the Roman physicist père Jacquier.[cw800]

Books

Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment

by Judith P. Zinsser

History, Nonfiction, Biography, Science, Mathmatics

Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution

by Robyn Arianrhod

History, Nonfiction, Biography, Science, Mathmatics
Art

Engraving from the 1737 Italian editon of “Il newtonianismo per le dame” (Newtonianism for Ladies)[in800][in825]

by Francesco Algarotti

Engraving

A Madame la Marquise Du Châtelet sur sa liaison avec Maupertuis[ai500]

by Voltaire

Epistle
  1. ⬆ ka500 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.6. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  2. ⬆ sl600 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.9. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  3. ⬆ sl700 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.9. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  4. ⬆ sl800 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.9. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  5. ⬆ sl900 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.11. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  6. ⬆ sl1000 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.24. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  7. ⬆ sl1100 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.42. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  8. ⬆ sl1200 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.44. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  9. ⬆ sl1300 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.102. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  10. ⬆ sl1400 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.103. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  11. ⬆ sl1500 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.126. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  12. ⬆ sl1600 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.132. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  13. ⬆ sl1700 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.135. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  14. ⬆ sl1800 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.137. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  15. ⬆ skl500 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.145. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  16. ⬆ sl1900 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.145. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  17. ⬆ sl2000 Arianrhod, Robyn. Seduced by Logic: Émilie Du Châtelet, Mary Somerville and the Newtonian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.151. Print. ISBN 978-0-19-993161-3
  1. ⬆ wk500 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,614. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  2. ⬆ wk600 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,750. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  3. ⬆ wk650 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,848. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  4. ⬆ wk655 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,754. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  5. ⬆ wk700 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,302. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  6. ⬆ wk800 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,730. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  7. ⬆ wk900 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,802. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  8. ⬆ wk1000 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,162. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  9. ⬆ wk1100 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,233. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  10. ⬆ wk1150 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,251. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  11. ⬆ wk1160 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,255. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  12. ⬆ wk1180 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,319. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  13. ⬆ wk1200 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,237. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  14. ⬆ wk1300 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,239. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  15. ⬆ wk1400 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,240. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  16. ⬆ in500 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,429. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  17. ⬆ in600 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,527. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  18. ⬆ in700 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,547. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  19. ⬆ in800 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,812. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  20. ⬆ in825 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 3,135. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  21. ⬆ ka600 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 127. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  22. ⬆ ka700 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,498. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  23. ⬆ skl600 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,377. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  24. ⬆ tl505 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,301. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  25. ⬆ tl550 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 815. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  26. ⬆ tl555 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,162. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  27. ⬆ tl560 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,105. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  28. ⬆ tl570 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,224. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  29. ⬆ tl580 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,325. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  30. ⬆ sa900 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,542. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  31. ⬆ sa1000 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,544. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  32. ⬆ sa1100 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,544. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  33. ⬆ sa1200 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,810. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  34. ⬆ sa1300 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,841. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  35. ⬆ sa1400 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,504. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  36. ⬆ sa1500 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,505. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  37. ⬆ sa1600 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,544. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  38. ⬆ ow400 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,592. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  39. ⬆ ow1100 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 964. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  40. ⬆ ow1200 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,183. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  41. ⬆ ow1300 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,419. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  42. ⬆ ow1400 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,915. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  43. ⬆ ow1500 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,936. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  44. ⬆ ow1600 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,944. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  45. ⬆ ow1700 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,949. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  46. ⬆ ow1800 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,963. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  47. ⬆ ow1900 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,966. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  48. ⬆ ow2000 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,509. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  49. ⬆ ow2100 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,592. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  50. ⬆ ow2200 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,785. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  51. ⬆ cw500 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,486. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  52. ⬆ cw600 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,237. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  53. ⬆ cw700 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,240. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  54. ⬆ cw800 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 2,263. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K
  55. ⬆ ai500 Zinsser, Judith P. Emilie Du Chatelet: Daring Genius of the Enlightenment. New York: Penguin Books, 2007, Location: 1,955. Kindle Edition. ASIN: B000Y02V3K

| Powered by WordPress | Theme by TheBootstrapThemes